The impact of Homeland Security on our daily lives in America Term Paper

The impact of Homeland Security on our daily lives in America - Term Paper Example The wide set of measures incorporated into homeland security for enhancing the economic sustainability and safety of the communities in America would have an impact on the way the communities continued their existence (Bullock, Haddow & Coppola, 2012). Responsibilities as envisaged in homeland security lay dispersed among a hundred different government agencies, reducing the speed and flexibility required for an efficient homeland security. Therefore, it was felt that it would be better to create the umbrella Department of Homeland Security to overcome the patchwork of government activities through the tens of government agencies. Thus, the Department of Homeland Security was formed armed with policies, regulation, and programs to provide homeland security (President Bush, 2002). Impact of Homeland Security The people of America have for long enjoyed a legal tradition that upheld individual civil liberties and resisted any infringement of the state on the civil liberties of its citiz ens. The measures provided to the Department of Homeland Security in the form of more intrusive surveillance, increased policing powers, reduction in the restrictions on search and seizure, easier wiretapping, and intrusion of privacy run against the grain of civil liberties. It was only after the fear of the September 11, 2001 attack had diminished did the realization dawn that one of the key areas that the impact of homeland security was being felt lay in the domain of civil liberties (Miller, 2003). The courts have for over a long period of time recognized the President of the United States as the constitutional authority to uphold and protect national security. Such an authority carries with it wide discretionary powers. Since homeland security has been created by the President to uphold and protect national security, the courts would be reluctant to infringe on the provisions of homeland security, as it would run against the grain of the recognition granted to the President as the constitutional authority for upholding and protecting national security (Nicholson, 2005). Intrusion and invasion are key words in the procedures and regulations of homeland security that are being experienced by the citizens of America. As a consequence of homeland security the airport security has been tightened. Full body scanners greet passengers at airports. In case that is not sufficient invasive-pat downs are a feature at the various airports around the country. The Secretary of homeland security has not only justified these enhanced security measures at airports, but also maintains that no changes need be expected anywhere in the near future (Airlliner Security, 2010). Expanded surveillance is a part of the initiatives under homeland security. This expanded security has led to the use of closed circuit televisions (CCTV) in public places, public transportations, and immigration offices. Easier access to individual records is another feature, whereby the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) can seek and receive any personal records of any individual. This provides powers for accessing the financial records, medical histories, Internet usage, travel patterns, and any other records. Such information was formerly considered private information, but homeland security has removed the privacy element of these records. More intrusive is the expansion provided in the wiretap law. Even if an individual is not engaged in

Statement of objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statement of objectives - Essay Example By January 2010, I would be fully conferred for the Master’s degree with concentration in Electronic Business. In addition, I will be credited with 3 Advanced Certificates in Management from the same university, to wit: Advanced Certificate in Information Management, Advanced Certificate in Telecommunication Management, and Advanced Certificate in Human Resource. Equipped with these academic achievements, I am prepared to undertake greater challenges in higher education. My ultimate goal is to be an instrument of change to my country once I completed the PhD Program in Community Economic Development (CED). The Southern New Hampshire University is the most prestigious institution which can accord a multi disciplinary approach to the program. I am optimistic in learning various CED issues affecting not only the local and national level, but more so, their impact and influence on international levels. I would like to be given the opportunity to share the theoretical and practical applications of CED in Saudi Arabia, which unselfishly provided me with 100% scholarship through the King Abdullah Graduate Studies Scholarship Program. I am aware that CED is a multi functional process of comprehensively interconnected strategies which enable people to develop corporations and business ventures for the betterment of communities. I plan to utilize the skills and theoretical background developed in my master’s degree to formulate policies which would facilitate and improve the application of electronic business initially in the local communities and later, on a national scale. As I delved into the intricacies of the theories, concepts and applications of e-business, I realized that I am extremely interested in pursuing higher education in a field of endeavor closely related to this. The courses that I took in my bachelor’s and master’s degree equipped me with the necessary skills and

Cisco Prime and Wireshark Advantages and Disadvantages

Cisco Prime and Wireshark Advantages and Disadvantages Introduction to  Networking Tools Cisco Prime       Cisco Prime (formerly known as Cisco Works) is a network management tool that is Cisco proprietary. Prime is used for management such as monitoring, troubleshooting, configuration and administration of a network. This software allows for simpler control of the network. The monitoring and troubleshooting feature allows the network admin to immediately find and repair issues that arise throughout the network. In the image above, you can see the home screen of the Prime software. It contains important information such as the types of hardware within the network. As seen in the Admin section, the network administrator has access to network settings such as monitor and troubleshoot, notification settings, config settings, and much more. The GUI (graphical user interface) is very simple which makes it very easy to navigate through the settings. This is a useful layout for the admin as they can monitor the network with ease. You can also see a heat map of a building that uses Cisco Prime, the colours indicate the devices that are being used in the building, in the image we can see wireless access points. Advantages of using Cisco Prime: Allows for easier monitoring and troubleshooting Easy to understand and navigate the software which will increase productivity Real-time information about areas in the network Disadvantages of using Cisco Prime: Cisco proprietary, wont work for hardware from other vendors May be expensive Wireshark Wireshark is a software that analyses packets sent throughout a network. It will display each packet and the details within the packet. Network administrators use it to analyse the network and to troubleshoot an issue if they see a problem. Wireshark has many capabilities, some of the key features are that it can catch packets in a real-time network. It can also save packets and the packets are laid out on a very clear GUI. Network admins can use Wireshark to identify and troubleshoot problems throughout the network by searching through the packets. As you can see in the image above, this is what Wireshark looks like in a live network. We can see packets travelling through the network from the Source and Destination addresses. The Protocol column shows us which protocol is being used within the packet and further information about it. This is extremely useful for network administrators as they can clearly see the packet in detail and easily identify a problem. Advantages of using Wireshark: Free software Available for multiple platforms Windows UNIX Can see detailed information about packets within a network Not proprietary can be used on multiple vendors unlike Cisco Prime Disadvantages of using Wireshark: Notifications will not make it evident if there is an intrusion in the network Can only gather information from the network, cannot send I will be interrogating a network and I will report my findings. I will be testing the devices in the topology and check if they can all communicate with each other. In the topology below, you can see that there are three sub-networks. Firstly, I will be testing communication between the separate networks in the topology. I will be attempting to access PC3 from PC1. To do these I will access the Command Prompt from PC1. To access this, go to Start > search cmd or command prompt in Windows 10. Once you have opened the command prompt, you will come across a black screen. To find out the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway you should issue the ipconfig command. PC1 output above The output above is from PC1 on the 172.31.1.0/25 network. I will now need to check the IP address for PC2 and PC3, I will be doing this because if I can successfully ping those two host computers that means all the networks are connected to each other and can communicate. PC2 output above PC3 output above Now that I know the IP addresses for PC2 and PC3, I can now attempt to ping them from PC1 to check if they can communicate with each other. I issue the ping 172.31.0.254 command on PC1 command prompt and as we can see below, the pings were successful. However, you may notice that the first ping timed out, that is because the packet sent an ARP request for the next-hop. The output shows us that PC1 is now able to communicate with PC2. PC1 pings PC2 Now I will try to ping PC3 from PC1 to see if the hosts can communicate with one another. Again, just like PC1 to PC2, I will issue the ping command along with the IP address of the PC3 host. As we can see in the output, the pings were unsuccessful. This means that the hosts cannot communicate with each other. PC1 ping PC3 As we can see in the output below, I used the tracert command. This command is used to follow the path of the packet. What we learn from the command is that the packet times out at the 172.31.1.198 IP address. To troubleshoot the issue, I will locate the IP address and check the device connected to it. PC1 tracert to PC3 We know from the topology that R3 is connected to the 172.31.1.196/30 ¸and 172.31.1.198 is a part of this network. I will go into the router and check the interfaces to verify which interface it belongs to. Router 3 in the topology To do this, I will use a program called PuTTY and telnet into the router. Telnet is a networking protocol that allows a user to remotely access a device on the network. Once in the R3 router, I issue the show ip interface brief command. From the output, we can see that the interface that connects to the switch, GigabitEthernet0/1, is down. We know that this is the interface that belongs to the interface because the IP address of the GigabitEthernet0/0 belongs to the default gateway. The reason the PC cannot communicate with outside networks is because the switchs G0/1 interface is down so it cannot forward the frame to the router. R3 output shown above To tackle this problem, I will go into the configuration of the G0/1s interface and change the status from down to up. This enables the interface to communicate and process information. As we can see in the output below, I entered the configuration mode for the interface and switched it on. To verify, I will ping the PC1 host from PC3. Enabling the G0/1 interface on R3 The pings were received successfully on R1. We have entered multiple devices in the networks and by doing this we have learned information about the network. PC3 pings PC1 By using the command prompt I was able to find the status of the devices in this network.    This section will be about maintenance in a network that will need to be carried out frequently for the network to run efficiently. In this section, I will be showing how to create and delete a user account on Windows 10. Firstly, from the Start menu go to Control Panel or alternatively, type Control Panel in the search bar. Once it has opened, select the User Accounts section. From that section select the Add or remove user accounts option. Once you have entered the next window, click on Add a new user in PC settings to create a new user. This will direct you to PC settings. Now that you are in PC settings, select Add someone else to this PC. This will require the new users email address or phone number to create an account with their Microsoft account. Once you have created the account, it will look like this. You will be presented with the option Change account type which will allow you to change the account type. You can give the user administrator rights or leave it as the default setting standard user. You can remove the account as easy as it was to create it. You can simply press the remove button. There are many antivirus software applications that can be used. I have chosen McAfee LiveSafe to scan this PC. The interface is very simple and easy to use. Firstly, I launch the application from the Start menu. Secondly, I click the Virus and Spyware Protection section. Within this section, you can see the date of the last scan and the next scheduled scan. This is very useful as it automatically does scheduled scans to protect your PC. To manually scan your PC, click the Scan your PC option. Once you click it, you can choose to run a quick scan, full scan or a custom scan. Once a full scan is done it will look like this. It outlines how many issues were found and how many files it searched. If any viruses were found it would automatically remove them from the PC. Backup File backup is crucial for every PC because if any of the files become corrupt or are deleted, they will be saved. This is very important in businesses and personal computers as people must keep their files safe in case of any damage. This can be done very easily on Windows 10. Firstly, go to Settings, then Update security, from this section there is a Backup section. Once you are in the Backup section, click More options and select See advanced settings. From the File History window, once you plug in an external hard drive, you can select a folder to backup from. This will then give you the option to select how often you want it to backup your files. Restore To restore a backup that you saved onto a hard drive, return to File History so you can restore your files using the Restore personal files option on the sidebar. Once it has opened you will be able to select the files you had backed up and restore them to a drive on your computer. How to keep it secure VPN access: A VPN (Virtual Private Network) allows companies connect their branches from all over the world. VPN is a network used through the internet that allows a private connection between users. You can keep information within this network secure by configuring a password and encrypting it on both ends. This will not allow people to see what is going on in the network unless they have the password.  

Summary of the Film Hero :: essays research papers

The Film, Hero In the Oxford Dictionary, Favorite is described as something or someone that you like, In this matter that something is the film called â€Å"Hero.† Roughly based on an assassination attempt of China’s first emperor Chin Shi Huang Di, the motion picture â€Å"Hero† discusses the life of a ancient warrior. The story describes the journey of a sword master who was determined to slay the king of the province Qin, the future emperor of united China. With the help of three assassins who’s goal in life was the death of the Qin King, the nameless warrior gets a chance to crush the future emperor China. This film consists of many twists and turns making it very exiting and unpredictable. This movie was a combination of calm and spectacular battle scenes which gives you the need to be one of the characters from the flick. The amazing actions scenes just leap out of the screen and the film is still able to touch your heart. In every second of this film, you can feel it’s powerful emotions, which gets you so caught up in the world of the movie, you hate to the return to present day world. This film dazzles it’s viewers by its vivid colours and the whole movie is a painting in motion. My favorite scene of â€Å"Hero† was the amazing but aggressive action scenes and also the deep drama it created. The plot of the movie was incredible. Though â€Å"Hero† was a spectacular film there were some things that I did not enjoy like, the film was much too serious and I did not like the factor that most of the movie was in flash backs. From intense action scenes to emotional drama, I think this film can

DHCP and DNS Essay

Assignment 1: DHCP Troubleshooting. Check the workstations using ipconfig /all and find out if the ip range is within the address range you assigned, if it is a different address then the workstation failed to contact the DHCP server and has gone into apipa mode. The Network Interface Card might be assigned an incorrect driver. Another possible cause of the problem is that the patch cable is not plugged into the Network Interface Card, or is not connected to a switch on the other end. However, it could be that the server has run out of IP addresses that it can assign to clients. You can easily tell if this is the problem by comparing the size of the DHCP address scope to the number of devices on your network that request IP addresses from the DHCP server. But since only some of the workstations have got addresses the problem might be the DHCP server. Start off by doing some ping tests to verify that the DHCP server is able to communicate across the network. If the DHCP server is able to communicate with other computers on the network, then I recommend verifying that the DHCP server has an IP address that is compatible with the scope that the server is configured to assign addresses from. The server itself has to be assigned a static address in the same subnet range, such as 192.168.0.199. If this still doesn’t solve the problem make sure that the DHCP server is still authorized by the Active Directory to lease IP addresses. You should also check to verify that the scope is active, and that the necessary services are running on the DHCP server. Exercise 1: DNS scenario. You will need to setup a primary DNS server in the larger branch office. Configure it as a primary forward lookup zone for the domain name of your company. Before you install DNS make sure your computer has a static ip address so it does not get one from the DHCP server. In the small branch setup a second DNS server. Configure it as a secondary forward lookup zone with the same domain name as the primary DNS server.

Motivation and Performance Theories in Relation to New Zealand Post

A simple game of bingo, if analysed closely, can be shown to be a tedious task consisting of a repetitive action that occurs after being prompted by a repetitive stimulus. The skill level needed to make that action is low, and the variability in the rules of the game rarely changes. This game is not unlike many of the jobs that can be classified as having low motivational performance. So why do people not only enjoy playing games like bingo, but actually pay money to have the pleasure? The answer directly points to the motivating factors of monetary rewards, which is the stimulus for the individual†s performance. In this essay I will discuss the theory behind â€Å"Motivation† and â€Å"Performance† in relation to New Zealand Post and the theoretical ideals that their management should adopt with employees. There are many theories regarding motivation with the most prevalent being the theories of Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg. It is important to understand these theories and their implications to accurately comment on reinforcement theories of motivation. According to Maslow†s hierarchy of needs, there are five classes: (1) physiological, (2) safety, (3) social, (4) esteem, and (5) self-actualisation. (Karen. P. Harlos Lecture Notes) each lower level need must be satisfied before an individual experiences higher level needs. Also, as Hall, Batley, Elkin, Geare, Johnston, Jones, Selsky and Sibbald (1999) found that Maslow hypothesized that as physiological, safety, social, and esteem needs were satisfied, they ceased to motivate, while the self-actualisation needs actually motivate an individual more as they are satisfied (Hall et al. 999). Herzberg used this theory as a base to build his motivation-hygiene theory, which ties Maslow†s needs to on the job achievement. The hygiene elements relate to low needs (physiological, safety, and social)(Harlos 2000). For an individual, hygiene conditions include company policy and administration, supervision, relationships with peers and supervisors, work conditions, salary, status, and security. These, according to Herzberg account for 69% of the factors that cause employee dissatisfaction or lack of motivation. The motivation conditions, which include achievement, the job itself, recognition, responsibilities, and personal growth, accounted for 81% of the factors that contributed to job satisfaction. The hygiene conditions are extrinsic factors (behaviour that is performed for material or social rewards as defined by Harlos 2000) while the motivation conditions are intrinsic factors (behaviour that is performed for its own sake not for material or social rewards as defined by Harlos 2000), and the only way to sustain motivation toward organizational goals is through the achievement of intrinsic outcomes. Each of these theories has proven to contain ideas consistent with human nature, but each also has its limitations within organizational settings. Because lower order needs are generally satisfied in the workplace today, managers have to deal with how to provide esteem and self-actualisation to their employees, and that can be a vague concept to a manager who demands results immediately. Also, studies demonstrate that different workers are motivated by different factors be them intrinsic or extrinsic. In relation to New Zealand Post the above theories can be applied to achieve an excellent level of motivation within the organization, however there are potential disadvantages also, where the employees may get over-motivated or become too empowered and thus create divisions within the organization. In terms of Maslow†s theory, the five levels of needs could be ensured by mangers of NZ Post and overall by the corporate planners of NZ Post by the following; in terms of physiological needs, money is the driving factor here as it provides the a means of achieve food, shelter, warmth and sleep, thus that management role is very limited, as it is controlled to a degree by relevant laws of the country. However those above the management who set wages must be careful not to set wages too low, otherwise workers will become grossly dissatisfied and look elsewhere to achieve their basic needs (Hall et al. 999). At the safety level NZ Post can provide their employees with agreeable contracts and work benefits such as health care. A work environment that is considered safe as well as adequate ongoing training is another aspect, also assurances of long-term employment (Hall et al. 1999). Social level issues can be resolved by NZ Post by organising teams maybe by regions and encouraging group satisfaction, or perhaps even making sure contact is established by way of team sports days, or annual picnic†s etc, any activity that ensures worker contact (Hall et al. 999). The next level is perhaps the most crucial in terms of how much NZ Post management is concerned, management may be able to fill esteem needs of the employee by showing recognition of a job well done, which may lead to a internal structure whereby levels of achievement are reached, and as the employee reaches these levels they may gain more responsibility within the organisation (Hall et al. 1999). Self actualisation needs in terms of what management can do for employees to reach this stage, entirely depend on the individual, and the previous stage, as itself esteem is realised then self actualisation becomes of more importance, and so the employee is self-motivated and the role of the NZ Management is merely one of maintenance (Hall et al. 1999). The above are all very good in theory, but in practice the implications of some of these theories for an individual and for the organisation can be crucial. NZ Post Management couldn†t be blamed if they felt the offering of money to an employee over and above what the individual needs to satisfy there needs would result in that individual working harder, however what is more likely to happen is the individual isn†t motivated anymore by that factor, and is instead motivated by esteem needs, as cited in Hall et al. 2000) â€Å"A satisfied need is not a motivator† The application of the Herzberg two-factor model is in practice much more involved that I first thought, there seems to be a large amount of criticism about Herzberg, which I will attempt to briefly outline, and thus if NZ Post was to adapt this theory it may not provide the right answer to any problems they may be facing. Firstly there has been research done into the methodology of Herzberg's research, it seems that by asking the questions in the way that they did it was only natural that individuals would attribute the good things about the job to themselves and the bad things to the organisation (as suggested by Vroom 1964 cited in Thomson 1989). So the good things simply became meting challenges, getting promoted and assuming responsibility, whereas bad things were in affect always the fault of the organisation. Thus it was reasonable for individuals to attribute their lack of performance as being a result of poor organisational structure or communication, or poor wages or bad working conditions, therefore Herzberg†s findings were more a result of the way the questions were asked and not altogether an indication of what motivated individuals at work. The second criticism that arises is whether or not it is possible to clearly â€Å"distinguish between motivator and hygiene variables in the way that two factor theory does. † (Thomson 1989 pg 164). At times factors like the gender of the worker and the structure of the organisation tends to influence whether or not a job characteristics acts as a motivator or a hygiene, thus the distinction is not as clear cut as Herzberg†s theory would suggest. Finally the two-factor theory just doesn†t take into consideration the differences between individuals, its just known that individuals do not always react in a similar fashion, for the same work characteristics which will motivate one individual may not necessary motivate another. I suggest for NZ Post to be able to maintain the calibre of people they strive for, and to provide tools to develop and grow, the best way to create the desired environment and create the best management would be to adopt Maslow†s theories, as it allows for more of an individual touch to individual situations. McGregor developed an additional theory on human behaviour, motivation, and especially performance in the late 1950†³s. His theories X and Y and were based on assumptions made regarding the â€Å"system† and individuals. In short, in Theory X (the most common management practice) management organizes all elements of production, motivates and controls employee behaviour to fit the needs of the organization, and without this intervention, employees would be indifferent to changing organizational needs. McGregor further assumes that managers believe that the average employee is by nature are lazy, dislike work, want security and dislike responsibility (as cited by Harlos 2000). McGregor†s alternative to Theory X was Theory Y. This theory made the assumptions that management has the responsibility for organizing the elements of production, people are not by nature passive, but become so as a result of experiences, management should enable employees to develop their motivational characteristics, and that it is essential for management to arrange organizational conditions in a manner where employees can achieve their own goals by directing their personal effort towards organizational objectives. The contrast between X and Y solely relates to who controls human behaviour. Theory X touts external control, and Theory Y promotes a self-fulfilling prophecy and that Theory Y management will breed Theory Y employees and vice-versa. In the application of McGregor†s theories an obvious pitfall is that obviously given the choice management will opt for Theory Y, however the application can result in a very different outcome. Theory Y places an unrealistic amount of burden on the management, and thus they have to sometimes resort to Theory X as no matter how much nurturing or inspiration managers give to employees, there will always be some who just have no desire to work, and show little or no initiative. So NZ Post may run many seminars to attempt to increase performance, or empower those who management feel need a performance boost, yet inevitably those who have no desire to perform better will just not respond to any of these performance motivators and hence management will have to resort to Theory X management to get these employees to work as they should be. Another problem may be with those employees who have been part of the organisation for a number of years, and a new fresh inspirational manager comes along who has been to all the courses and seminars and has used all the theories, and yet these employees are so used to old school Theory X management, they will just simply not be able to conform to this new Theory Y management style, as suggested in Hall et al. (1999) In conclusion I have outlines both Maslow†s and Herzberg†s theories in relation to motivation and McGregor†s theories in relation to performance. I also have suggested ways in which NZ Post could apply these theories to enable them to better fulfil their corporate profile statement. I suggested that perhaps Herzberg†s theory would not be best suited to NZ Post due to the many flaws in the application of his theory and that Maslow†s theory in practice would enable a better fufilment of the corperate profile statement.

Nuclear Energy And The Environment Essays - Energy Economics

Nuclear Energy And The Environment Essays - Energy Economics Nuclear Energy And The Environment Nuclear Energy and the Environment In our society, nuclear energy has become one of the most criticized forms of energy by the environmentalists. Thus, a look at nuclear energy and the environment and its impact on economic growth. Lewis Munford, an analyst, once wrote, Too much energy is as fatal as too little, hence the regulation of energy input and output not its unlimited expansion, is in fact one of the main laws of life. This is true when dealing with nuclear power. Because our societies structure and processes both depend upon energy, man is searching for the most efficient and cheapest form of energy that can be used on a long term basis. And because we equate power with growth, the more energy that a country uses, - the greater their expected economic growth. The problem is that energy is considered to have two facets or parts: it is a major source of man-made repercussions as well as being the basis of life support systems. Therefore, we are between two sections in which one is the section of resource availability and waste, and the other the continuity of life support systems pertinent to survival. Thus, the environmentalists believe that nuclear energy should not be used for various reasons. First of all, the waste product, i.e. plutonium, is extremely radioactive, which may cause the people who are working or living in or around the area of storage or use, to acquire leukemia and other cancers. They also show how billions of dollars are spent yearly on safety devices for a single reactor, and this still doesn't ensure the impossibility of a melt down. Two examples were then given of Chernobyl and Three Mile Island, in 1979, when thousands of people were killed and incapacitated. Finally, the environmentalists claim that if society wastes less energy, and develops the means to use the energy more efficiency, then there would be a definite decrease in the requirement for more energy producing plants. On the other hand, some business men and economists say that the present conditions should be kept intact, as the other forms of energy, e.g. oil, natural gas and coal, are only temporary, in dealing with surplus, and give off more pollution with less economic growth. Concurrently, countries wanted a more reliable, smokeless form of energy not controlled by OPEC, and very little uranium was required to produce such a high amount of resultant energy. Lastly, they said that renewable energy is (a) unreliable in that the wind, for example, could not be depended upon to blow, nor the sun to shine, and (b) were intermittent in that a 1,000 mega-watt solar farm may occupy about 5,000 acres of land, compared with less than 150 acres of land for a similar capacity nuclear power generation station. Because the energy technology that society employs directly influences the quantity and quality of life, the energy option that is chosen should have the greatest cost- benefit effectiveness as well as maximizing flexibility and purchases. However, those who believe in continuous energy consumption growth, seem to forget that there is only a limited supply of energy in every energy system, and to overdo any resource may provide for an unacceptable impact upon global and regional ecology. Thus, if the business world pushes the environment as far as it can go, Ceribus Paribus, please refer to figure 1. Thus, to use petroleum as a substitute for uranium, which is needed to power the nuclear system, would not be economically or environmentally sensible. I say this because, first of all, there is a major supply of uranium considering it was one of the last energy sources to be found as well as only a small amount of it is required to produce a lot of energy. Secondly, petroleum gives off carbon monoxide which is one of the reasons for ozone depletion; whereas, the uranium does not give off pollution except that it produces plutonium which needs to be buried for more than fifty years to get rid of its radiation. Finally, because so much of the petroleum will be required to power the vast area that nuclear energy can cover, the cost to us as the consumer would be massive! This would mean slower economic growth and/or expansion, especially when compared to nuclear energy. Therefore: Ceribus Paribus - (a) if the cost decreases, the demand increases, and - (b) if the cost increases, the demand decreases. Please refer to figures #2 and #3 respectively. Nuclear plants are now replacing coal burning plants. It will cost

buy custom History of Francos Spain 1936-1975 essay

buy custom History of Franco's Spain 1936-1975 essay During this era Spain was under the leadership of Dictator Fransisco Franco. Although he managed to isolate Spain from the rest of the world, the Spanish sportsmen were still interested in participating in international sporting events notably cycling. Despite the insufficient funding from the government, they continued to solicit sponsorship funds from the private sector. However, they faced a lot of opposition from the fascist regime who opposed capitalist support of the sport. But with their strong determination they were able to push on with this sporting event, as indicated by the many professional cycling events that were staged and participated by the Spanish team. This paper will seek to analyze some of the cycling events that were staged during the years 1936-1975. In 1936 the first edition of Vuelta cycling competition was held though with the nationalistic flavor. This was a clear indication that the Franco regime was keenly interested on the nationalists as opposed to the republicans. In 1941 the second edition of Vuelta competition was held. And the cyclists were supposed to cover a distance of 4442 km. The series was consecutive staged in the years 1942 and 1945, although it only involved the Spanish nationals. Although foreign participation resumed in 1946, the Spanish cycling team remained limited due to the economic and diplomatic barriers imposed after the Second World War. The economic depression in Spain caused the abandonment of the event between 1950 and 1955. This continued until 1960s after an end of autarky regime, during this period there was an economic boom which consequently translated to the apparent rise of Spanish cycling competition. The opening up of Spain in the late 1960s also boosted the international participation of Spanish sport people and hence had an overall positive impact on sports. Other sports like football and basketball also started gaining popularity and have since then attained an international mark. Buy custom History of Franco's Spain 1936-1975 essay

African American vs. Caucasian Americans Essay Example for Free

African American vs. Caucasian Americans Essay African (466) , White American (21) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints ? At first glance some people might consider this paper to be on the racial side, however it was all written by observations made. There are many differences between African Americans and Caucasians, some people don’t see the differences because of ignorance . You must read the paper with an open mind and take none of this to heart. African American and Caucasians function differently in public surroundings. When you see a young African American you usually see them in groups of four of more. However, when one of them gets into a disagreement five to ten more show up in their defense. They are a very close knit group of individuals. I have also noticed that when you see a young African American walking around they are usually singing, talking very loud or running around. Also when they are in groups they are very loud and take over the area that they occupy. On the other hand when you see Caucasians they are rarely in groups of three or more. To top it off when someone in one of their groups gets in trouble the rest of the group is nowhere to be found. Most times when you see young Caucasian people in a group they are for the most part within a normal speaking level. These two groups tend to act differently in the public due to their cultural differences. There are a number of differences between the churches of African Americans and Caucasians. At most typical African American churches there are no true sermons. The African American churches tend to do more entertaining rather than teaching. They also do a great deal of singing and dancing involved in there praising of God. They emphasize fellowship in their churches especially after church when they all gather and close the celebration with a meal together. However at a typical Caucasian church there are a few differences. To start it off when you first walk in you get a program detailing what will be happening through the service. They tend to structure the whole service around a sermon or story. The service every week is very predictable as to what will happen. The Caucasian churches are more there to teach the ways of the lord as they have interpreted it. Although not all the African American and Caucasian churches are along this line a majority of the main stream ones are. African American vs. Caucasian Americans. (2016, Dec 16).

Writing as a career choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Writing as a career choice - Essay Example A writer’s work environment could be an office or just home. In fact, the Bureau of Labor and Statistics, BLS observes that two thirds of these professionals were self employed in 2012. To be a full-time writer, a college degree would be required. In the modern environment, proficiency in computers would be necessary not just for working, but also staying in touch with the writers’ community. Additionally, excellent writing skills would be beneficial. The outlook for writing career seems encouraging. As noted by BLS, the occupation pays a median annual wage of about $55,940 as was computed in May 2012. With a projection of 3% growth between 2012 and 2022, there would be increasing opportunities in the career. In fact, Varela observes that more companies increasingly appreciate the need for in-house content writers, hence greater prospects. However, there could also be increased competition with the world seeking for more writers due to the increased demand. Therefore, writing is a growing career. With the adoption of technology into the career, the future looks promising but also competitive at the same time. As such, equipping oneself with the requisite skills would make the resultant opportunities

Charles darwin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Charles darwin - Essay Example It was then his interest in plants, animals, insects and geological samples developed when he was under the direction of his cousin William Darwin who was an entomologist; and by the mid of 1830’s Charles had so much excelled in the field that he made certain scientific inventions. He further got motivated by his professor of Botany, Stevens Henslow (Darwin, 42). After the mission of HMS Beagle to Patagonia which was carried under the guidance of his professor; he set his base to continue for his further operations in zoological and geological unearthing (Ruse, 4). By this time Darwin had developed relations with Sir Lyell Charles, which earned him the position of secretary of the Geological Society (Burkhardt,  Pearn& Evans, xiv). Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839. Ruse indicates that at this time Darwin was gaining experience from the Downe where he was spending his life at that time (5). He completely devoted his life to science although he suffered from Chagas’ s disease for a long period of time. It was then that he uncovered the issue of the origin of species and what came to be known as natural selection in the Darwinian Theory. By the end of 1850’s Darwin had made a lot of discoveries and finally he was able to compile all his collections in to a book named as The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. Charles’s illness continued and the pro-longed illness cost his life and je died leaving 8 kids behind and numerous discoveries and books. He is greatly remembered for his contribution in evolution theories. He indeed contributed greatly in the field of Science. Darwin’s ideas Darwin is considered as the pioneer of a number of ideologies and theories (Aydon, 22). He covered the issues regarding human kind to racism. Darwin argues that the human beings throughout the years have struggled for their survival. He also proposed the relation between the human body and the mind. He declares that the mind is an ext remely complex body organ and has a direct impact and effect on the various human activities. In fact the mind has a direct relation on the evolution of humankind. Evolution of humankind results in racism. Besides this cultural evolution also takes place as a result of the mind activities. Darwin is also remembered for his thoughts on Protestantism and the church. Human Evolution and Philosophy Since the publishing of the work of The Origin of Species  in 1859 by Darwin, a lot of questions have been asked regarding this theory. The questions have been asked in order to further understand human behavior and the different factors that directly affect the human behavior. Philosophy helps in an understanding of the existence of human beings and the reality behind discovery of varying aspects. It is through philosophy that the humans have been able to comprehend the nature of truth and knowledge on the evolution of human beings. In relation to human evolution, philosophy aids in bringi ng the need to inquire and analyse the speculations, interpretations, analysis and criticism of human evolution. It also helps to establish the nature of relationship between people and their society. Philosophy helps to clarify the concept of evolution. Ruse has presented that in his work Darwin wrote that people are always under a constant struggle for survival, they

Advertising in the 21st century Unit 9 Project Essay

Advertising in the 21st century Unit 9 Project - Essay Example This piece of research work addresses the relevance of IMC in today’s business world and examines how this can be implemented as a strategic step for advertising campaign. This paper identifies three companies at different levels, one from the Fortune 500 lists, one form the INC lists and one from the major online shopping companies and describes how these companies can effectively use IMC as basic strategy for their marketing. Lamb, Hair and McDaniel (2004) described that integrated marketing communication is a careful combination of all promotional messages like traditional advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, event marketing, public relation, interactive marketing and so on so as to assure consistency in whatever messages being communicated to the targeted markets (p. 413). Belch and Belch (2007) emphasized that IMC is a marketing process of planning, designing and developing brand communication program with customers, employees and associates in order to build short term financial benefits and long term brand value (p. 11). Various communication tools are effectively coordinated based on company’s goal to reach different target market more effectively and thus to create short term profitability and long term brand equity and brand loyalty among the customers. IMC is a process in which companies accelerate its revenues and returns by aligning communication objectives with business goals (Schultz and Schultz, 2004, P. 3). Business goals normally include profitable operation as well successful marketing of goods or services being offered to the customers. IMC helps companies achieve their objectives by aligning and coordinating various elements of communication including advertising, sales promotion, direct selling, public relation etc. IMC has become relevant in today’s business because it not only

Civil engineeringredevelopment of ratho stationedighburgh Essay

Civil engineeringredevelopment of ratho stationedighburgh - Essay Example Further, the redevelopment project of Ratho station would also be very helpful as it would be capable to support wider choice of tram services and also helps the occupants in the neighbourhood residential area (Edinburgh, n.d.). The entire landscape of the region is expected to be developed by upholding the rich heritage and natural assets in the region (Edinburgh, n.d). Further, necessary precautions are also given to ensure the occupational safety and health of passengers and the employees in the station. Maximum utilization of renewable energy and also using natural means to give maximum comfort conditions would be the core elements in the architectural plan. Providing the right orientation to enhance the heat gain, passive cooling means to reduce the load on HVAC systems are the few essential interventions planned in this exercise. Providing adequate open spaces that would create more comfort for the passengers are the other key concerns addressed in the planning process. The redevelopment project shall also communicate the philosophy of protection of ancient monuments and buildings besides conservation measures adopted at the heritage locations. BREEAM standards would be followed closely in an effort t o promote the sustainable re-development process of the station. In addition the Ratho station shall act as the focal point of generating local employment. Guidelines of BREEAM. BREEAM guidelines gives the proper direction for the sustainable development initiatives that could be adopted in the design of energy efficient and environmentally safe infrastructure components. The major emphasis given is in the design of cycle ways and pedestrian tracks. Strengthening public transport systems with less dependence on private transport are the important options for providing better living conditions. They also take proper attention for effective implementation of the proposed the travel plans like special cycle ride ways. The important design considerations that need to be incorporated in the design of station facilities are as follows As the energy conservation is one the top most priorities in the redevelopment process, all the lighting systems used would be of the high efficiency lighting systems or low energy consuming units. Further, all the signals and related units too would be converted or replaced in these lines. Conversion of the railway station at Ratho into as an energy producing station , such that station is capable of generating its own power is one of the design objectives. The piezoelectric systems that use the mechanical energy from the movement of gate to generate voltage could be implemented. The successful implementation of such type of systems are claimed by East Japan railway Company. Based on the volume of the passengers expected at the Ratho station it is estimated that atleast 1000kW per second could be generated from Ratho station (Schwartz, 2008). The use of energy efficient LED lamps could be used to indicate the tram arrivals at the station which could lead to considerable reduction in the electric bill (Irani,2006). Further, using systems that minimizes the water consumption by implementing water reuse systems to conserve the water used for

Nine-banded armadillo Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nine-banded armadillo - Research Paper Example This species is found in western Trans-Pecos portion of Texas and the east, although they can occasionally be located in the south, Missouri and South Carolina. Their natural habitat includes woods, brush, scrub and grassland. Life cycle of the species- Describe the life cycle of the organism you have chosen. The life cycle of an organism refers to the series of changes in both development and growth from its beginnings as an independent life form up until maturity, when it is able to reproduce. Organisms like bacteria have relatively simple life cycles; however other organisms (e.g., plants) have very complex stages to their life cycle. Breeding in Nine-banded armadillo occurs in the summer. During this period the embryo is not implanted and remains like that until the 14 week following the mating season. Following the gestation period that lasts for four months, females almost at all times give birth to four identical young ones, all of the same sex. The young Armadillos are born with opened eyes and start walking after a few hours. Their skin is usually soft but gradually hardens as they grow older. They are nursed for the next two months although they continue staying with the mother for some couple of month even after being weaned. Breeding for the young armadillos of both sexes may start as early like summer after their birth, but only come to full sexual maturity after two years. Full growth and sexual maturity comes at age 3 -4. Typically, this species live for about 7-20 years in the wild but for the caged ones it may go up to about 23 years. Structure and Function- Describe the structure and function of at least one major organ system of the species (e.g., digestive system, reproductive system). Choose one system and explain how this organisms system is structured anatomically and physiologically. Identify any species-specific characteristics or adaptations that are particularly unique to this organism and

Garten Haus Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Garten Haus Project - Assignment Example The new construction takes into account aptly the congestion factor and ensures that the old construction and old standardized look of the community does not get affected, thereby it has reduced the licenses to 48 from 52. The public safety, fulfillment of the technical factors which include the height consideration, spacing factor, the pedestrians safety factor, ground usage percentage factor, and most importantly the traffic factor since with time, area has become congested and finding parking space for your cars has become a nuisance, thereby the new design must ensure facilitation of more vehicles, at the same time ensuring that the other factors are not compromised due to it. The neighborhood is in such a state and outfit that change in one segment and one area would allow a change in other areas of the community as well, therefore each of the action of amendment must be taken with due consideration of the surrounding factors. While the aforementioned factors are to be taken into account, the Panel took each of these into consideration before reaching a conclusion. A penal of eight members was established for this purpose to adjudicate whether the proposed construction and modification would be any help towards the presently prevailing situation. The structures are designed to facilitate multiple families in the apartments. These apartments are 3 story apartments spread over roughly around 0.25 acres. The property has been in function since 1975.

Nine-banded armadillo Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nine-banded armadillo - Research Paper Example This species is found in western Trans-Pecos portion of Texas and the east, although they can occasionally be located in the south, Missouri and South Carolina. Their natural habitat includes woods, brush, scrub and grassland. Life cycle of the species- Describe the life cycle of the organism you have chosen. The life cycle of an organism refers to the series of changes in both development and growth from its beginnings as an independent life form up until maturity, when it is able to reproduce. Organisms like bacteria have relatively simple life cycles; however other organisms (e.g., plants) have very complex stages to their life cycle. Breeding in Nine-banded armadillo occurs in the summer. During this period the embryo is not implanted and remains like that until the 14 week following the mating season. Following the gestation period that lasts for four months, females almost at all times give birth to four identical young ones, all of the same sex. The young Armadillos are born with opened eyes and start walking after a few hours. Their skin is usually soft but gradually hardens as they grow older. They are nursed for the next two months although they continue staying with the mother for some couple of month even after being weaned. Breeding for the young armadillos of both sexes may start as early like summer after their birth, but only come to full sexual maturity after two years. Full growth and sexual maturity comes at age 3 -4. Typically, this species live for about 7-20 years in the wild but for the caged ones it may go up to about 23 years. Structure and Function- Describe the structure and function of at least one major organ system of the species (e.g., digestive system, reproductive system). Choose one system and explain how this organisms system is structured anatomically and physiologically. Identify any species-specific characteristics or adaptations that are particularly unique to this organism and

Iagos soliloquy at the end of Act 1 Essay Example for Free

Iagos soliloquy at the end of Act 1 Essay Iagos soliloquy at the end of Act 1; what does his language tell us about his character and motivation? How does it compare with his language in the rest of the act? Iago seems to be presented as a Machiavellian villain; he is cunning and always seems to know whats going to happen. In Iagos soliloquy at the end of Act 1 Scene3, he says of Roderigo thus do I ever make my fool my purse. This conveys Iagos character as superior and manipulative. Iago states that Roderigo is a fool; a stupid moron. He also calls him a snipe which is a small bird which also is used to mean unintellegent. Iago refers to Roderigo possessively, referring to him as my fool as if the extent of his own influence makes Roderigo his own possession (as with my purse; purse being an object that is owned). By saying I even make Iago is implying that manipulating a fool for their money is a usual activity for him, as if he always does this. Iago holds such little respect for Roderigo and feels himself so superior that he should profane if [he] time expend with such But for [his] sport and profit. Hes claiming that Roderigo is so beneath him that it is only for the money (profit) and the game he plays with the characters (sport) that hed ever bother wasting his time with such an idiot. This seems to be revealing of Iagos attitude toward social classes. Just because another character is richer or has higher social standing this does not mean that he has any extra respect for them. Taking into account that England in the Elizabethan era worked with strict social classes I think that Shakespeare uses Iagos lack of respect for the system as another way of demonising him. He is the villain because he believes himself to be superior to everyone else. Iago is Othellos ancient. However, Iago obviously feels he is superior to his master. Iago likens Othello to a donkey; a dull, stupid animal. Iago says Othello will be led by th nose. As asses are. Asses, or donkeys, are literally led by the nose with a harness. Might the harness be the society they are both part of? This implies that Othello is not free. It implies that he is tamed, obedient, dependent and without a mind of his own. It is Iagos intention to use this harness to lead Othello to his ruin. In act 1 scene 1 Iago reveals his views on the roles of master and servant (in his case ancient) to Roderigo. Iagos opinions show his perceived superiority in his character. Iago says how there are many a duteous and knee crooking knave thatwears out his time, much like his masters ass. He is saying that the dutiful are knee crooking, meaning that they bow down, accepting their inferiority. To say that a subordinate wears out his time much like his masters ass shows how he feels that they waste their lives being anothers workhorse while receiving none of the profits. In this respect Iago feels himself above Othello. By later referring to Othello as an ass he could be the knee crooking knave to the governors of Venice. This is what I feel is supposed to be conveyed by the line: were I the Moor, I would not be Iago. Iago is resentful of the lack of recognition he has received from his society. I would say that Iago has motivation against his society. He misses out on promotion and Cassio takes the position. He resents Cassio for being better educated and of higher social standing. From scene 1 Iago says I know my price, I am worth no worse a place when telling Roderigo of being passed over for promotion. I think that Shakespeare has Iago say this because hes supposed to be resentful of the lack of recognition hes received. By saying I know my price he is also saying that no-one else perceives his worth. Iago mentions that Cassio is a Florentine while disrespectfully describing him. That Shakespeare has Iago mention this means that it is relevant. Perhaps that Iago disapproves of a Florentine being promoted in a Venetian army shows he has a kind of respect for the society hes in. If he is ambitious then he is ambitious toward the higher roles/accomplishments of his own society; Venice. Iago may also feel he has not been duly acknowledged for the fighting he has done for the causes of Venice at Rhodes, at Cyprus, and on other grounds Christian and Heathen. By not being advanced he may have felt the sacrifices he made were not appreciated, as if hed been cheated, which may explain why he cheats so much in the conventions of his society. Iago is presented as being a very effective user of language. He seems to know exactly the right language to use in order to affect the decisions of the other characters. When bating Brabantio he uses course language about his family to infuriate him. Instead of merely informing Brabantio of his daughters whereabouts and who she is with Iago tells him that your daughter and the moor are now making the beast with two backs. Making the beast with two backs is a crude euphemism for having sex. Beast implies that the sex is ugly and savage. Iago uses the word moor instead of his name, Othello, to bring attention to his race as opposed to his high rank and standing in Venice. Iago knows how to offend. He immediately starts referring to Brabantios family in animal terms; youll have your nephews neigh to you; youll have coursers for cousins and jennets for germans. In the Elizabethan era it was probably a taboo to have a mixed race marriage probably because people of African origins would have been considered inferior. This is a reason why Iago refers to Othello as a horse (coursers for cousins). As a further example of Iagos ability to alarm through his seemingly perverted perception would be youll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse. Iago alarms him by conjuring bestial imagery. Bestiality is sacrilegious, which a few hundred years ago was more important than it is now. Perhaps this sacrilegious imagery influenced Brabantio to rationalise his daughters behaviour as witchcraft. Shakespeare presents Iago as an effective liar. This must be the case as Othello refers to him in Act one as Honest Iago. He also describes him as a man he is of honesty and trust. Despite Iago keeping Roderigos presents to Desdemona for himself he still can convince him of his trustworthiness. When reassuring Roderigo he says I have professed me thy friend, and I confess me knit to thy deserving with cables of perdurable toughness. By claiming that he is Roderigos professed friend and that hes prepared to help him with everlasting strength he convinces of his honesty. Iago also successfully manipulates Roderigo by repeatedly suggesting (instructing really) to put money in thy purse so as he can take it from him. Iago repeats this six times. Iago also convinces Roderigo to do his biddings by distracting him with his philosophies; Our bodies are our gardens, to which are wills are gardeners. In this speech Iago basically turns Roderigos loss into his own gain.

Patients Education Of Psoriasis Patient Nursing Essay

Patients Education Of Psoriasis Patient Nursing Essay The society requires attaining, maintaining and recovering from disease, ailments accidents. This calls for specialized care from a trained professional. In most case, care givers at home may lack this expertise. This calls for people who are trained, specialized and understand the medical aspect of the patients condition, such as nurse. The best suited group of people that can deal appropriately with these problems are nurses. Nursing is a health care profession and hence, their services are oriented to this direction. In their duty, they give care to all members of the societies; both individual and families (Braverman, 1998). Nursing care is understood as being particularly crucial during patients recovery from serious illness or injury. Classically, it was thought that people requiring these services were probably people who were bed ridden. The objective of health services delivery is not only to care for bed ridden people but also anybody else that have a condition that is reducing their quality of life. It is known that some diseases significantly reduce the quality of life led by individuals and not by necessarily sending them to bed. The aim of healthcare today is to assist any person with any disease, ailment or any form of suffering to recover and have a joyous and creative life. Another factor that makes a nurse to be specifically suited to their job is because they are trained about community care. They deliver care in the context of the whole community. They are able to reach the society or community and teach or assist them on the best way to care for various people needing care in a society. Psoriasis is a non-contagious disease that affects a peoples skin. It is found in a class of diseases that are described as immune mediated. It occurs when a persons body starts sensing the skin cells that are foreign cells of disease causing microorganisms hence reacting against them. For this reason, the body responds to this faulty signal by producing more skin cells. The patients skin cells in the affected places divide up to 10 times faster and lead to accumulation of dead cells on the surface. The skin of the patient appears to have a red plaque that is covered with white rashes. This disease is particularly acutely irritating and is probably the most frustrating and unpredictable skin disorder. This disorder is also the most inexplicable and continual skin illnesses. Some parts of the body are more affected by this disease than others. These include the scalp, elbows, and knees. Some other parts are affected but on rare instances. They include the soles, the palms, and the fee t (Roenigk Maibach, 1998). Commons symptoms of psoriasis include reddening of the skin with white or silvery scales occurring at the top. These areas can be exceedingly sore and may crack and bleed occasionally. In most cases, the affected patches expand and coalesce forming large and continuous patches. In other instances, this disease may affect the nails where nails become rough, crumbled or even detached from their bed. Another symptom that health care providers look for in diagnosing psoriasis is crusts, scales or plaques on a persons scalp. There are various aspects of care that a nurse considers during care delivery. These are sometimes utilized by professional nurses as a checklist to ensure that the care is all inclusive, and the process of recovery is holistic. The main aim of this assignment is to address the nursing care of a patient with psoriasis based on two aspects of care which include patient education and discharge planning and process. Patients Education of Psoriasis Patient It is essential in the nursing care process of a patient with psoriasis to be educated and advised on how to live with the society, to avoid psychological torture and lastly to meet the prescribed medical instruction. The Patients are reported to face stigma and antagonism by such other people in the society. They become less indispensable resource to the society and hence said to experience negative attitude for the firsthand. They have seen how a single look on them initiates talks among people among other forms of stigmatization. Nurses teach patients to become ambassadors of truth. The society mistreats its members through stigmatization because of ignorance. The nurses also educate patients on how to protect friends, relatives and other members of the community (Smith et al, 2002). Moreover in Medical care, the nurse give educational care techniques including assistance on the application of the medicine, monitoring the progress of the patient and advising the patients on the fa ctors that aggravate psoriasis. Secondly, the nurses have noticed that the patients due to stress are currently suffering from psychological disorders such as post traumatic stress disorders and anxiety. They feel neglected and thus they need psychological education. Some of the nurses collaborate with psychologists to educate both the society and the psoriasis patients. In most case, nurses find themselves in a situation where the psychological health of the patient is crucial. Some patient feel like their image has been dented after they suffer from a psoriasis attack. The nurse has to respond to this by educating the patient on how to deal with these psychological problems. Sometimes, the patient is so psychologically affected that the nurse has to refer the patient for specialized counseling among other interventions. Bearing in mind the wide spread nature of psoriasis nurses come up with a way of assisting the society. The challenge that nurses face is lack of an elaborate system of reaching the society in order to educate them. The patients are advised on how to live healthy and boost their self-esteem. Nurses take this opportunity to educate parents and guardians how to handle the case and enhance the recovery of the patient. These educational programs are currently found to improve the health of the patient and to reduce stigmatization directed to the skin infections victims. Also in some cases, nurses organize members of the public into groups which have initiated some sports or even meditation. Other benefits of these sports are they help to deal with behaviors such as scratching. Furthermore other patients educational campaigns carried out by the nurse are to educate the patients and the society on the symptoms and origin of the disease thus clearing misconceptions in peoples mind. For example, some people believe that psoriasis is a sign of a curse, due to this they fail to take the medication and the advice seriously (Mitchel Panzer, 2005). It jeopardizes the process of treatment exceedingly and seriously. It may even increase stigma; people do not want to get close or in contact with a cursed person. Even when such people should be giving care, they stay away due to unreasonable fear. It becomes the responsibilities of nurses to shed more light on psoriasis. Friends, family, and people living with the affected individuals are educated to provide the necessary support for the patient. Lastly, the nurses are currently educating the patients who ignorantly fear to access the medical services due to been noticed that medical services will save them a lot from the disease. In some cases, it may disappear, in others it does not; thus, medical help is required. Additionally, it may leave an individual with extraordinarily large psychological problems that require specialized assistance. In most cases, nurses know specialists who can counsel and help the patient to fully recover. Nurses offer their advice regarding medical care and refer the patient for further counseling and peer support. In home care, the nurses are also educating the patients on how to handle stress. Medically, it is known that the careless and irresponsible behaviors that people develop during the stress cause psoriasis. Such behavior may include rubbing of hands and face. Stressed people have destructive tendencies of holding into anything and bringing things in contact with their faces. During care of a patient or other members of the community, the nurses shed more light on these issues so that people can lead a more informed life. They are also advised to protect themselves against excessive exposure to sunshine that can aggravate psoriasis especially during the summer periods. It is a method of illnesses prevention in a community, as observation of such basic rules can keep psoriasis at bay, at least for some people for some time (Walji et al, 1994). Thus in summary, the nurse has been carrying out the patients education across the medical services, stigmatizations and stress from other people, misconceptions and myths about the origin of the disease, treatment methods, society approach to psoriasis victims and lastly on how to handle psychological perception found to affect them adversely. Discharge Planning and Processing of Nursing Care Acute based care hospital discharge planning and process starts immediately upon admission in the hospitals. In most cases it is found to ensure that the nurses follow the right psoriasis disease medical guidelines and system (Fabian et al, 2011). It is defined as a multi-disciplinary nursing approach by the nurses and other medical practitioners to the patients signs, treatment process and discharging means. It involves several planning process, as described below. Immediately after admission of the patient, the first step in the nursing care designing planning and process is to examine the skin in general circumstances. The nurse should contact this within three hours. At the same time the patient is prepared for discharging through contacting the Medicare organizations such as insurance. At the same time the nurse should interview the patients about the problems linked to the disease, when did it start, what are some of the medications the patient accessed before and lastly, whether they have any hereditary problem of the disease across their family lineage. The next planning process is the nurse to describe the information given in line to the prevailing psoriasis diagnosis where the patient is taken for laboratory medical examination. At this process, the patients are instructed not to scratch themselves even if they are itching and home cares prepared for discharging process .This help to reduce more infections and complications. Moreover, in this stage, the patients are instructed to isolate themselves from other people in the society, utilize their own clothing and even take bath using bath oils. Moreover, the patient should avoid any skin injury that is going to complicate the medical process (Walji .Kingston, 1994) Third step in the discharge of nursing care planning method include keeping the skin moist. The nurses are trained to apply epidemiological prescription to ensure the patient skin is moist and thus not to itch. This involves reducing the scales by applying the necessary medical bath oils and staying in a cool place free from any dust and high temperature. The patients are also provided with some injections and clothing necessary to reduce itching, smell and pain. In the next stage, the patients are nursed in a manner as to keep the wounds clean and to apply the necessary antibiotics carefully and skillfully. This ensures that the patients do not have pain and itching is reduced. The nurses take this opportunity to educate the family members on how to prescribe the medical drugs to the psoriasis patients and thus improved services. At this moment, the nurses must monitor the risk of infections, outcomes of the disease and lastly the implication of the bath oil to the skin (Papadopoulo s Walker, 2003). Lastly, some of the patients found to be stressed, stigmatized and psychologically affected are provided with advices or even referred to psychologists for guidance and counseling. The nurses have a goal to improve the mind perceptions of the patients and to positively impact on their health. The nurses consider some numerous patients factors in the process of discharging the duties. They have to make necessary recommendations in line to the Medicare guideline so as to ensure that psoriasis patients enjoy the best Medicare services (Braverman, 1998). In the process, they must have insurance and Medicare eligibility so as to ensure that the psoriasis patient has in-patient services and hospitalized for at least three consecutive calendar years for observation purposes. Secondly, they must observe the cognitive status and especially their safety awareness while in the discharging process. This helps in reducing unnecessary infections to both the nurses and other patients. The clothing and bed sheets of the psoriasis infections must be handled with a lot of care (Camisa, 1994). Lastly, the nurses should observe the illness history and the future falls of the patient. Moreover, other factors that should be observed in the planning and discharge of psoriasis patients includes; age, living situation and lastly the daily nutrition and activities of the patients. Conclusion The nursing process of any psoriasis patient does not just require observation of the two aspects discussed above. Rather than that, it require all the nurses and medical practitioners to maintain people medical services to the patients, educate them and plan for the discharge process well. This will help to improve the health of this skin condition victim and reduce society misconception about the disease.

Essay --

Sexiness Have you ever noticed someone from a distance who acted so excited and inviting that you felt the need to come closer? Whether the person acted as if full of life, necessarily charming and overwhelming sexuality to the extent that you barely managed to control his excitement? Does the person who performed the seductive ballet you simultaneously attracted and repelled? Does your Mom like mountain spring? Have you been drawn, like a moth to a flame, its high personality, so that you desire is to leave the usual caution and the usual ways? Is your unbridled joy was when at the end of that person open, and let you in with a welcome? Have you felt a burning, blinding wealth of the person who is selected from the crowd? Have you been filled with pride you have prevailed over numerous competitors who have gathered and sticks to her like bees around bulkheads roses? Are you then replaced its granite for grains of gold a common language and provide pieces of silver as a token to conn ect the soul? Have you discovered, however, that her veins sand that basin in stone cave? Examining the depth that you have found a vacuà ¼m in the center of its volcanoes? Or was it icy lake? Is it fuel her fire - a consuming interest in how she looks and acts to others - was thrown into the icy shadow you? Do you get turned into a cold as a corpse for you, the sudden presence of some others? Are you shaking with rage as she ran after them since you rejected and ceased to be respected? Can you accept that your purple, fully bulkheads and fragrant flower barren of pollen and bled into passion? Will you ever summon the strength to leave your adoration for this paper rose? seeking attention Essential characteristics unreasonable-on personality disorders ar... ...ten act as if they were included and excluded too fast to feel more deeply, you can get others to accuse them of being insincere these feelings. They also possess a high level of suggestibility, as to their opinions and feelings can easily effect other people and passing trends. These people may have too much trust in authority figures who are seen as able to magically solve their problems. Tend to work on the (front) and the feeling that soon accept condemnation of others. Individuals with this disorder often find a link to a much more intimate than it actually is. For example, they almost every acquaintance called "dear, dear friend" or by peers and experts who meet once or twice a personal name and address without . Often make decisions based on emotions rather than on rational and often their details and facts boring. Take-off the romantic fantasy is commonplace.

Artificial Intelligence in Gibsons Idoru and Oshiis Ghost in the Shel

Artificial Intelligence in Gibson's Idoru and Oshii's Ghost in the Shell      Ã‚   Introduction If people knew what scientists are up to, they would not be sleeping as calmly as they do today. If only they knew, they would read more carefully what the cyberpunk authors have to say.    The purpose of this work is not only to compare the pictures of Artificial Intelligence (hereafter referred to simply as AI) included in two major works of cyberpunk genre, but also to show the connection between those images and the reality we all live in or its nearest future.    So what is the future of AI depicted in cyberpunk works like? And if, as Sterling suggests, science-fiction writers pass on a cautionary message to the contemporary society in a satirical disguise, are these pictures really parallel to our reality? And if they are, should we be afraid?    The subject matter is Artificial Intelligence. The environments that house the AIs described hereafter are the environments of cyberpunk literature. To understand the findings and conclusions of this work, it is necessary to know the meaning of both these notions.    Defining Basic Notions: Introduction to cyberpunk    Cyberpunk has been present on the literary scene for almost twenty years now, being the most trendy and mainstream sub-genre of science-fiction and, although announced dead by some critics, has not been replaced by any other science-fiction movement so far. But how should we define what cyberpunk is and distinguish it from what is merely cyberpunkish? Appignanesi points out that the major feature of the cyberpunk world is a "total intrusion of technology into human lives" (129) and this may be used as a sufficient... ...iography Works cited Primary: 1. Gibson, William. Idoru. London: Penguin Books. 1997. 2. Ghost in the Shell. Dir. Mamoru Oshii. Masamune Shirow/Kodansha/Bandai Visual/Manga Entertainment. 1995. Secondary: 1. Appignanesi, Richard. Postmodernism for Beginners. Cambridge: Icon Books Ltd. 1995. 2. Buller, Andrzej. Sztuczny mà ³zg. To ju nie fantazje (Artificial Brain. Not a Fantasy Any More). Translation mine. Warszawa: Prà ³szy ski i S-ka. 1998. 3. Marciszewski Witold. Sztuczna inteligencja (Artificial Intelligence). Translation mine. Krakà ³w: SIW Znak. 1998. 4. Cyran Janusz, ed. "Requiem dla ludzko ci?" ("Requiem for Humanity?"). Translation mine. Nowa Fantastyka Oct. 1999: 74 76. 5. Anonymous collective work. The Cyberpunk Project. Authors' Definition. http://www.cyberpunkproject.org/idb/authors_definition.html. 1999.

In Focus: Faye Glenn Abdellah’s Patient

For years, the existence and acceptance of nursing theories in different settings and aspects of nursing practice has transformed the profession in diverse ways both here and abroad. The utilization of such theories has provided the nursing community with specific knowledge and ways to enhance and develop skills and attitudes of nursing professionals in the practice of the profession. It has greatly helped in creating and sustaining our professional independence from the field of medicine by guiding our educational system, research methods and practice towards safe and quality care to patients (Marriner-Tomey, 1994; McLemore & Hill, 1965).The significance of studying nursing theories does not end with the benefits it may serve the profession in general. It also helps an individual, either a student or a nursing professional in several ways. An individual is able to develop critical thinking skills, able to differentiate values and hypotheses and able to find out purpose of functions in relation to the scope of practice of the nursing profession (Kozier, Erb, & Oliviere, 1995).In line with this, this paper attempts to analyze and evaluate a relevant nursing conceptual model authored by a renowned nurse theorist— Faye Glenn Abdellah, using the J. Fawcett’s Framework of Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing.Influenced by Virginia Henderson’s 14 principles of nursing, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Erik Erickson stages of development, Abdellah formulated her structural model with the goal of teaching and evaluating students and at the same time emphasize the need to create a body of knowledge exclusive to our profession that will help in gaining independence from the control of the medical profession  toward  patient-centered  care (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 1998).Faye Glenn Abdellah authored the typology of 21 nursing problems which was initially published in the 1960 edition of Pat ient-Centered Approaches to Nursing. Since its initial appearance, the typology had major impact on the nursing profession as well as on the development of other nursing theories (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 1998).Abdellah’s typology of 21 nursing problems is a conceptual model which describes the significant concerns of nursing instead of linking different relationships into phenomena. The conceptual model is mainly concerned with patient’s needs and the role of nurses in problem identification using a problem-solving approach. Abdellah’s work is classified under the nursing philosophy category in the sense that her work is based on analysis, rationalization, research and logical argument instead of using experiential methods.Logically speaking, Abdellah’s model can be described as inductive since she derived observations from previous studies which became the basis for her conceptualization. Philosophical statements are said to be based on opinions, arguments or propositions of different people. These statements are not experimental in nature because such statements based on goal, traditions and/or values cannot be tested for its correctness or wrongness (Marriner-Tomey, 1994).In  analyzing  and  evaluating  Abdellah’s  theory, her  work  cannot  be  separated  from  thehistorical  background  where  the  conceptualization  of  the  21  nursing  problems  started.  It  wasin  the  1950s  when  the  nursing  profession  faced  a  lot  of  difficulties  arising  from  the  rapid   societal change and increasing demand for technological advancement. The methods and system used at that time  did not support and meet the demands of the rapid change thus creating a backlog in the nursing community. There was a lack of definition of nursing— its focus, scope and limitations especially that healthcare delivery to patie nts is mainly based on achieving institutional goals rather than meeting patient’s needs. The present system did not assist both the students and professionals in being attuned with the changes. Abdellah related this to the lack of scientific body of knowledge unique to the profession. That is why the formulation of the theory differentiated the practice of nursing from the practice of medicine emphasizing focus on 21 nursing problems that help patient in achieving state of wellness (Marriner-Tomey, 1994).Abdellah used the problem-solving approach in formulating the theory. She believes that a nurse should be able to identify and solve problems of patients in order to provide safe and quality care to patients. This identification of nursing problems, selection of data necessary to formulating and testing of interventions in assisting patient towards state of wellness closely resembles the nursing process. Abdellah pointed out that patients cannot receive quality care if the s teps are done improperly. In my opinion, Abdellah’s approach is effective in the sense that the approach guarantees positive client response if the steps are specifically and carefully executed. This approach also improves a nursing professional skills and attitude by enhancing problem-solving abilities through identification of nursing problems in meeting the needs of the patient (Marriner-Tomey, 1994).Abdellah’s model includes four (4) fundamental concepts essential to nursing— person, environment, health and nursing. The first major concept is the person. The concept of person is described as people having physical, physiological and sociological needs. In her conceptual model, the person or patient is the main reason for the existence of nursing. However, this is quite contradicting since the typology of 21 nursing problems lacks holism. The model entails that a person returns to an improved state only by resolving each problem identified by a nursing profes sional. It lacks holism in the sense that the patient or person which, is considered as a whole is not greater than the sum of it parts represented by his problems (Marriner-Tomey, 1994).Another major concept included in her theory is the concept of environment. This concept is the least conferred and least emphasized in her theory. This is mentioned limitedly in problem number 17. The model explains that the patient more often than not interrelate and act in response to the environment. It also explains that the nurse is also a part of the patient’s environment thus the nurse takes responsibility in making the environment conducive for restoration of health. Abdellah also states that environment is also the home and community from where the patient comes from that is why Abdellah emphasized the need to broaden our scope in identifying problems and not limit our scope in the hospital setting (Potter & Perry, 1993).The third concept is health. Abdellah discussed health as a st ate without illness. It is defined as a state without unmet needs and no anticipated or actual impairment. This is clearly exemplified in the list of 21 nursing problems. Abdellah also advocates holistic approach to patient-centered care and furthering the relevance of environmental factors in the concept of health (Potter & Perry, 1993).The last major concept is nursing. The concept of nursing is an essential element of her writing. In her model, nursing is defined as provision of service to individuals and families; therefore to society. It is mainly providing service to or for the patient or providing information that will significantly assist the patient in restoring health and alleviating impairment. Abdellah therefore viewed nursing as a helping profession (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 1998)..Although Abdellah’s work provided a comprehensive meaning of the four major concepts, there are no statements in Abdellah’s writing that states an y direct relationships among the four concepts. Each concept was only defined implicitly and no relational statements can be made out of it. The model is mainly concerned on development of a unique body of knowledge, which is nursing, through which identification of nursing problems and utilization of the problem-solving approach assists patients in meeting their needs. The model is said to have limited concepts and is only presented in a structural list. After Abdellah’s work has been published, her formulation of the 21 nursing problems has been a helpful tool in the areas of nursing practice, nursing research and nursing education (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 1998).In our nursing practice, Abdellah’s typology of 21 nursing problems has helped nursing professionals in dealing with patient care in an orderly and well-structured manner. In using this typology, a nursing professional, with the problem-solving approach, is able to identify pat ient’s problems, plan for his care and implement nursing interventions for the identified problem in a scientific manner. This problem-solving method has transformed our practice as we attempt to focus our attention to the client himself rather than focus on client’s medical condition which is more of the objective of the medical profession. Nursing professionals have also learned and understood the rationale behind each and every action we deliver to the client (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 1998).Abdellah’s work has also provided significant changes in the area of nursing research as well since her work is basically based on research too. Many theories have been developed since the introduction of Abdellah’s work. The present nursing diagnosis classification system is presumed to be an outgrowth of this typology. This nursing philosophy continues to be a preferred basis of nursing studies at present (Sigma Theta Tau Internation al Honor Society of Nursing, 1998).Nursing education also benefited from Abdellah’s work. As previously explained, there was a lack of scientific body unique to our profession that hindered our independence from the medical profession. Abdellah’s work presented such unique body and gave the nursing profession a chance to come out of the control of the medical model. Gaining professional autonomy has helped the nursing community project a professional identity that has been widely accepted all over the world   (Potter & Perry, 1993).Abdellah’s nursing philosophy brings about nursing activities that meet not only client’s needs but of the society as well in the long run if each goal is carefully achieved through the problem-solving approach making this nursing philosophy socially significant. Abdellah’s work is socially significant because the 21 nursing problems elicit relevant nursing actions that lead to the improvement and restoration of client ’s health status which in turn aids the client in resuming activities of daily living increasing his productivity level thus benefiting the society   (Potter & Perry, 1993).In conclusion, Abdellah’s typology of 21 nursing problems remedied the predicaments faced by the profession in earlier times. It has helped teach and evaluate student’s competency through its formulation. It provided a means of gaining autonomy from the practice of medicine through the creation of a scientific body of knowledge unique to nursing.Abdellah’s work is very straightforward and uncomplicated. It explicitly described the major concepts essential to nursing such as nursing itself, nursing problems and the problem-solving approach through which the problems can be intervened. The concepts of health, person and environment which are now included in the scope of nursing are also implied.The goals of this model vary but all are directed to affect nursing. The extensive goal of t his model is to generally elicit positive transformation in nursing education while its subgoals would include providing a scientific basis for practice and a tool in evaluating student’s capacity and competency (McLemore & Hill, 1965).To date, Abellah did not only meet the goal of her work. Her work has also affected different aspects of nursing— nursing practice, nursing research and nursing education in general. As emphasized in this paper, Abdellah’s overall contribution to the body of nursing is the acquisition of professional autonomy and professional identity through the creation of the 21 nursing problems. Her problem-solving approach increases our assessment and critical-thinking skills needed in identifying client’s concerns to properly plan, select and implement our healthcare. It also enhances and promotes nurse-patient interaction as we make patients the central focus of care instead of focusing on the disease process (Parascandola, 1994).Nur sing has been practiced as profession for more than a century. The profession was based merely on rules, concepts and experiences passed on by professionals to students. It was only in the advent of serious discussion and testing of theories that nursing has been established as a science. Through Abdellah’s work and the development of other relevant nursing theories, we have proven that our profession can stand by itself and achieve our goals towards patient-centered care (Parascandola, 1994).ReferencesKozier, B., Erb, G., & Oliviere R. (1995). Fundamentals of nursing: Concepts, process and practice (5th edn). Redwood City, Ca: Addison-Wesley.Marriner-Tomey, S. (1994). Nursing theorists and their work (3rd edn). St. Louis Mosby.Parascandola, J. (1994).   In Leadership in public health, women in the public health service.   Retrieved January 26, 2007 from http://www.uic.edu/sph/chs/php/PUBLICATIONS/WOMEN%20IN%20THE%20PUBLIC%20HEALTH%20SERPotter, P. and Perry, S. (1993). Fu ndamentals of nursing: Concepts, process and practice (3rd edn.) St. Louis: C.V. MosbyMcLemore, D. & Hill, R. (1965). Role change and socialization in nursing.The Pacific Sociological Review, 8(1).Mullins, N. (1986). Mosby’s Medical and Nursing Dictionary (2nd edn). St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Company.Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing. (1998). Interview with Faye G. Abdellah on nursing research and health policy. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 30(3),215-219.

Succubus Revealed Chapter 20

I thought about it for half a heartbeat, and even that was too long. There was no question what my decision could be. Seth and I were bound together. Even if it had been for Jerome's convenience, Seth had found my soul across the incredible reaches of the dream world. Seth and I had found each other, life after life, and continually fallen in love. Even if we didn't consciously remember each other, some inner part of ourselves had connected. I remembered Roman's words. Over and over, you find each other and lose each other, you bicker and fight, throw it all away on mistrust and lack of communication. Are you going to let that continue? No, the cycle was going to end. On my terms. These lives we'd lived . . . the pain we'd suffered . . . it wouldn't be for nothing. It didn't matter if Seth hated me and never wanted to see me again. I wouldn't abandon him – not now, not ever. â€Å"No deal,† I said to Roman. â€Å"Seth and I are doing this together, whether he knows it or not.† Roman didn't try to talk me out of it. He simply said, â€Å"You understand what's at stake?† â€Å"I do.† If we failed here, I wouldn't just lose my soul. I would also be looking forward to an eternity in Hell's service, with superiors none-too-pleased that I'd shaken up the status quo. I didn't doubt that there was some article or clause somewhere that said I couldn't be penalized for this, but as I'd noted before, Hell had plenty of ways of punishing people off the record. The Las Vegas position would probably no longer exist, forcing me to relocate to some truly terrible location. Hannibal called the court back to order, and Roman relayed my decision. Hannibal clicked his tongue disapprovingly. â€Å"Risking it all for the new car, eh? Well, ladies and gentlemen of the jury, it falls in your hands now. You've heard the evidence – and lack thereof. Do you believe there is enough ‘proof' to support the petitioner's case? Should both contracts – that these individuals willingly signed – be invalidated?† So much for justice being blind. The jury cast votes anonymously, which I found interesting. It was a small nod toward impartiality, theoretically providing protection to those who voted against their side's best interests. From what both Roman and Marcel had told me, I could see it happening among the angels. But did it ever happen with demons? Even if they knew the right or wrong of a situation, their ultimate goal was to accrue souls for Hell. Would any of them be moved by a case enough to go with their conscience? Was it possible that some spark of goodness could still endure in the darkness of this place? Judging from the quick way everyone scrawled their responses on the pieces of paper given, it didn't look like it. There was no hesitation. The demons wore cocky, self-assured expressions. Angels and demons came from the same stock, but I'd been told that once they spent enough time in Hell, that angelic nature was eroded away. These demons weren't going to lose any sleep about what became of my soul. The votes were collected by the bailiff. He sorted them into two suspiciously similarly sized piles and handed them to the judge. Hannibal did a quick count and nodded to himself before addressing us. A new stillness fell over the room. â€Å"Here we go,† murmured Roman. â€Å"The jury has spoken,† said Hannibal. â€Å"Six to six. We have a tie.† There was a collective exhalation in the room, and then the tension ramped back up as everyone waited for the next step. I shouldn't have been surprised by the tie, but some part of me had been hoping maybe, just maybe, a wayward demon would've voted in my favor. I had my answer. There was no spark of goodness here. It couldn't survive in Hell. â€Å"In accordance with article . . . fuck, I don't know . . . article something-or-other, we'll be going to a tiebreaker vote,† said Hannibal. The bailiff returned with an ornate vase, which he handed to the judge. Hannibal dumped out the contents, revealing a white marble and a black marble. â€Å"In this case, it really is as simple as black and white. If the black one's drawn, a demon casts the deciding vote. If it's white, an angel will.† He paused, looking bemused. â€Å"That's so cliched. I don't suppose we could switch the colors around? Just this once? No? Okay, let's get on with it.† He scanned the jury and pointed to an angel with curly red hair and long-lashed blue eyes. â€Å"You. You'll do the draw.† She nodded her acceptance and approached the bench gracefully. Again, another attempt at justice. If Hannibal had drawn the marbles, I would have been suspicious of the outcome. The fairness of the matter was future solidified when he made her swear to draw fairly, without using her powers to advantage. â€Å"I swear,† she said, placing the marbles in the vase. She shook them up and reached her hand in, casting a brief and – unless I was mistaken – sympathetic look at me. Her hand emerged, closed in a fist. When she opened it, no one could see the marble right away, but her face told the story. â€Å"Shit,† said Roman. The angel's palm revealed a black marble. She handed it to the judge who made no pretense at hiding his joy. He thanked her as she returned to her seat and then held the marble up for all the room to see. There was a murmur of excitement among the demons, delighted at having won the gamble he'd laid before us. I had a moment of regret, but only a small one. I could've walked away from here with my soul and life intact. I could've never brought this up and continued my life as a succubus undisturbed, living out the dream scenario in Las Vegas. Instead, I'd risked everything for the chance to free myself and Seth. And I'd lost for both of us. Had it been worth it? Yes. † ‘Fate' has spoken,† said Hannibal, still admiring the marble. â€Å"Per the rules, the decision now falls to a thirteenth juror, who will be randomly selected from a pool of Hell's illustrious servants. Doris?† Doris began clicking away at her laptop. After a few moments, she gave a nod toward the bailiff. He walked toward the back exit, presumably to escort in the thirteenth juror. My heart felt heavy and leaden, and I was startled when Roman again placed his hand on mine. â€Å"I'm sorry,† he said in a low voice. â€Å"I should have fought harder. Or pushed you to take the deal – â€Å" I squeezed his hand back. â€Å"No. You were perfect. The only thing you shouldn't have done was get involved with this mess.† It was impossible to believe, but whatever fate awaited me after my suit was denied wouldn't be half as bad as his. He gave me a playful smile. â€Å"What, and miss the chance to laugh in the face of Heaven and Hell? Besides, there's no way I could leave you to – â€Å" The courtroom had given way to chatter when the bailiff left, and now silence resumed upon his return. Whatever sentiments Roman had been about to say were lost, as he joined me in looking back to see the demon who would cast the last condemning vote on me. When I did, I had to do a double take. It was Yasmine. I almost didn't recognize her. It had been a year since I'd seen her, a year since I'd watched her fall from grace, transforming from an angel to a demon. Yasmine had committed a number of grave sins as an angel, starting when she'd fallen in love. That alone was forbidden for her kind, but it had gone one step further – she'd fallen for a nephilim named Vincent. Vince was a great guy, but like Roman, the standard reaction from angels and demons alike had been prompt destruction. One angel had finally acted on that impulse, and Yasmine had rushed to defend Vince – killing the other angel in the process. And with that, she had been condemned to Hell. I had seen it. It had been terrible. One angel's death, another's fall. It had all gone down the night Nyx had been found and recaptured. Vince and I had been in the cross fire of it. I'd done what I could for him, but there was nothing I could do to stop Heaven's punishment. Before leaving town, Vince had told me that it didn't matter what I thought I knew about Yasmine. He'd said that once she had spent enough time in Hell and around other demons, she'd become like them. It was what happened to all of them, how someone like Carter could become someone like Jerome. I hadn't believed it at the time but could understand it better after being surrounded in the despair and wrongness of this place. And when I studied her now, I could see it had happened to her too. I remembered a smiling, laughing young woman with sparkling dark eyes and shining black hair. The hair and eyes were ostensibly the same, but there was no light or laughter in them. Her eyes seemed fathomless, dark and cold as she stared straight ahead and walked to the front of the courtroom. She was wearing a gauzy black dress, reminding me of some Goth courtesan, and her long, flowing hair blended into the silken fabric. Even if I'd never met her or known her history, I would have instantly identified her as a demon. Just like the others in the room, there was something in the way she looked and carried herself. I was about to be condemned by someone who had once been my friend. Yasmine reached the front of the courtroom and was gestured toward the witnesses' table. She sat down, gazing around the room with an unreadable expression. â€Å"You've been following the trial?† asked Judge Hannibal. â€Å"Yes,† she said, in a voice as expressionless as her face. How she'd been watching, I couldn't say. With Hell, it could've been closed-circuit TV or a magic mirror for all I knew. â€Å"And you understand your duty?† asked Hannibal. â€Å"Yes,† she replied. Hannibal was trying to maintain some semblance of formality and procedure, but the self-satisfied smirk on his face was kind of negating that. He was too goddamned pleased with himself and this turn of events. â€Å"Cast your vote then, based on the evidence and arguments you've witnessed. If you believe the two contracts are both sound and have not contradicted each other, then cast your vote against the petitioner.† When silence followed, Roman spoke up. â€Å"And if she thinks the two contracts aren't valid?† â€Å"Yes, yes.† Hannibal made a dismissive gesture, annoyed at this obvious waste of his time. â€Å"If you believe the contracts do contradict each other, then cast your vote for the petitioner.† Yasmine was given a piece of paper and pen, just like the other jurors. And just like the others, she wasted no time in writing her vote, her markings swift and certain. When she finished, she looked up serenely, no change in her expression, no sign that we'd ever once known each other. As terrible as I felt about my own fate, I couldn't help but feel nearly as bad for what Hell had done to someone as good and kind as her. No, I thought. Not just Hell. Really, Heaven was just as guilty. What kind of group could advocate goodness and not allow its members to love? Hannibal took the paper from her with a flourish and held it out before him to read. â€Å"In accordance with the laws of this court, and the infallible Kingdom of Hell, the jury finds – † There was a pause, and the next part came out as a question. â€Å"In favor of the petitioner?† A spark of goodness in the darkness. . . . For a moment, nothing happened. The courtroom was silent, frozen in time. Then, several things happened right on top of each other. From behind me, I heard Jerome say, â€Å"Shit.† Yasmine winked at me. Roman hugged me. Hannibal reread the slip of paper, looked at Yasmine, and then swallowed before speaking. â€Å"Both contracts are declared invalid, null and void.† Most of the room was on its feet, voices raised in fury. I had no time to process what they were saying, though, because I was disintegrating away. â€Å"No, not yet!† I exclaimed. I reached desperately for Roman, whose arms had been around me, but couldn't get ahold of him anymore. I was becoming nothing, a will-o'-the-wisp, unable to grasp anything of substance. I tried, though. I tried to grab him and take him with me because there was no way I could leave him here, not in the midst of a bunch of demons pissed off over having just lost two souls. I even tried to say his name, but it didn't work. I had no mouth, no voice anymore. I was leaving this place, and he was staying. The last thing I saw was his sea green eyes regarding me with both happiness and sorrow. I thought I heard him saying something about â€Å"a far, far greater thing,† and then I perceived nothing. I would have screamed in fury if I could have, but I was gone. I was nothing. Only darkness.